python3 错误:typeerror:无法将“字节"对象隐式转换为 str-尊龙凯时

问题描述

我正在 learnpythonthehardway 中的练习 41 并不断收到错误:

i am working on exercise 41 in learnpythonthehardway and keep getting the error:

  traceback (most recent call last):
  file ".url.py", line 72, in 
    question, answer = convert(snippet, phrase)
  file ".url.py", line 50, in convert
    result = result.replace("###", word, 1)
typeerror: can't convert 'bytes' object to str implicitly

我使用的是python3，而书籍使用的是python2，所以我做了一些更改.这是脚本:

i am using python3 while the books uses python2, so i have made some changes. here is the script:

#!/usr/bin/python
# filename: urllib.py
import random
from random import shuffle
from urllib.request import urlopen
import sys
word_url = "http://www.51sjk.com/upload/articles/1/0/340/340399_20221223101818247.txt"
words = []
phrases = {
            "class ###(###):":
                "make a class named ### that is-a ###.",
            "class ###(object):
	def __init__(self, ***)" :
                "class ### has-a __init__ that takes self and *** parameters.",
            "class ###(object):
	def ***(self, @@@)":
                "class ### has-a funciton named *** that takes self and @@@ parameters.",
            "*** = ###()":
                "set *** to an instance of class ###.",
            "***.*** = '***'":
                "from *** get the *** attribute and set it to '***'."
}
# do they want to drill phrases first
phrase_first = false
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1] == "english":
    phrase_first = true
# load up the words from the website
for word in urlopen(word_url).readlines():
    words.append(word.strip())
def convert(snippet, phrase):
    class_names = [w.capitalize() for w in
                    random.sample(words, snippet.count("###"))]
    other_names = random.sample(words, snippet.count("***"))
    results = []
    param_names = []
    for i in range(0, snippet.count("@@@")):
        param_count = random.randint(1,3)
        param_names.append(', '.join(random.sample(words, param_count)))
    for sentence in snippet, phrase:
        result = sentence[:]
        # fake class names
        for word in class_names:
            result = result.replace("###", word, 1)
        # fake other names
        for word in other_names:
            result = result.replace("***", word, 1)
        # fake parameter lists
        for word in param_names:
            result = result.replace("@@@", word, 1)
        results.append(result)
    return results
# keep going until they hit ctrl-d
try:
    while true:
        snippets = list(phrases.keys())
        random.shuffle(snippets)
        for snippet in snippets:
            phrase = phrases[snippet]
            question, answer = convert(snippet, phrase)
            if phrase_first:
                question, answer = answer, question
            print(question)
            input("> ")
            print("answer: {}
".format(answer))
except eoferror:
    print("
bye")

我到底做错了什么?谢谢！

what exactly am i doing wrong here? thanks!

推荐答案

urlopen() 返回一个字节对象，要对其执行字符串操作，您应该将其转换为 str 首先.

urlopen() returns a bytes object, to perform string operations over it you should convert it to str first.

for word in urlopen(word_url).readlines():
    words.append(word.strip().decode('utf-8')) # utf-8 works in your case

要获得正确的字符集:如何下载python中有正确字符集的任何(！)网页吗?